Sexual Crimes in Conflict Database

A collection of relevant literature and case law

Showing 41 to 50 of 736 results.

  • Literature

    UN Secretary General - Report of the Secretary-General on Conflict-Related Sexual Violence

    Year
    2018

    Reference link
    http://undocs.org/en/S/2018/250
    Full reference
    United Nations Secretary General, “Report of the Secretary-General on Conflict-Related Sexual Violence”, S/2018/250, available at undocs.org/en/S/2018/250, last accessed at 11 March 2019.
    Type of literature
    Grey Literature

  • Literature

    Távara, Gabriela et al. - Standing in Between: The Healing Praxis of Mayan Women Intermediaries in Post-Genocide Guatemala

    Year
    2018
    Issues
    Evidentiary Rules Regarding Sexual Violence Prosecutions Victims of Sexual Violence
    Country
    Guatemala
    Keywords
    Armed Conflict Intermediaries Maya Transitional Justice

    Reference link
    http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02703149.2017.1323477
    Full reference
    Gabriela Távara, Brinton M. Lykes and Alison Crosby, “Standing in Between: The Healing Praxis of Mayan Women Intermediaries in Post-Genocide Guatemala”, in Women and Therapy, 2018, vol. 41, nos. 1-2, pp. 30-51.
    Type of literature
    Journal Article
    Research focus
    Investigation, Prosecution and Prevention of Conflict related Sexual Violence, Women and the Armed Conflict, Sexual Violence Data Collection

  • Literature

    Turner-McGowan, Adrienne – Protecting Our Girls

    Year
    2018
    Issues
    Sexual Violence against Children Socio-cultural Context of Sexual Violence

    Reference link
    http://heinonline.org/HOL/LandingPage?handle=hein.journals/clrj38&div=12&id=&page=
    Full reference
    Adrienne Turner-McGowan, “Protecting Our Girls: Eliminating the Practice of Female Genital Mutilation in Somalia”, in Children’s Legal Rights Journal, 2018, vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 88-92.
    Type of literature
    Journal Article
    Research focus
    Causality, Functionality and Logic of Conflict-related Sexual Violence

  • Literature

    True, Jacqui - The Political Economy of Violence against Women

    Year
    2015
    Issues
    Definitions/Elements of Sexual Violence Crimes Socio-cultural Context of Sexual Violence Role of Non-state Actors in Perpetrating Violence
    Country
    Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), South Africa, United Kingdom, Ireland, Sri Lanka
    Keywords
    Inequality Socioeconomic Status Violence against Women

    Reference link
    http://global.oup.com/academic/product/the-political-economy-of-violence-against-women-9780199755912?cc=de&lang=en&
    Full reference
    True, Jacqui, The Political Economy of Violence against Women, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2012.
    Type of literature
    Book
    Research focus
    Causality, Functionality and Logic of Conflict-related Sexual Violence, Sexual Violence Data Collection

  • Literature

    Totten, Samuel - Plight and Fate of Women...

    Year
    2009
    Issues
    Definitions/Elements of Sexual Violence Crimes

    Reference link
    https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/14616742.2011.631435
    Full reference
    Totten, Samuel, Plight and Fate of Women During and Following Genocide, Transaction Publishers, 2009.
    Type of literature
    Book
    Research focus
    Causality, Functionality and Logic of Conflict-related Sexual Violence
    Author
    Totten, Samuel

  • Literature

    Theidon, Kimberly - 1325 + 17 = ? Filling in the blanks of the Women, Peace and Security Agenda

    Year
    2018
    Issues
    Sexual Violence against Men Achievements and Challenges of Sexual Violence Prosecution
    Country
    Colombia, Peru
    Keywords
    Militarized Masculinity Women Peace and Security Agenda Wartime Rape Children Born of Rape Men as Victims

    Reference link
    http://www.oxfordhandbooks.com/abstract/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199300983.001.0001/oxfordhb-9780199300983-e-12?rskey=EChXe4&result=1
    Full reference
    Kimberly Theidon, “1325 + 17 = ? Filling in the Blanks of the Women, Peace and Security Agenda”, in Fionnuala Ní Aoláin, Naomi Cahn, Dina Francesca Haynes, and Nahla Valji (eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Gender and Conflict, Oxford University Press, 2018, pp.145-156.
    Type of literature
    Chapter in Book
    Research focus
    Obstacles to Establish Accountability for Sexual Violence Crimes, Perpetrators and Prevention
    Author
    Theidon, Kimberly

  • Jurisprudence judicial mechanism

    The Women's International War Crimes Tribunal for the Trial of Japan's Military Sexual Slavery, Japan – Comfort Women Case

    Country
    Japan
    Keywords
    Comfort Women Sexual Slavery Forced Prostitution Rape Sexual Violence against Girls Women Rights World War II

    Reference link
    http://www.asser.nl/upload/documents/DomCLIC/Docs/NLP/Japan/Comfort_Women_Judgement_04-12-2001_part_1.pdf
    Type of mechanism
    Military Tribunal
    Name of mechanism
    Women’s International Tribunal on Japanese Military Sexual Slavery
    Name of accused
    Emperor Hirohito Showa, Ando Rikichi, Hata Shunroku, Itagaki Seishiro, Kobayashi Seizo, Matsui Iwane, Umezu Yoshijiro, Terauchi Hisaichi, Tojo Hideki, Yamashita Tomoyuki, The Government of Japan
    Charges
    Participating, aiding and abetting of the Japanese army’s so called “comfort system”. This allegedly state-sanctioned system included mass sexual slavery and sexual violence/torture of hundreds of thousands of women and girls captured in occupied territories.
    Trial chamber verdict
    The Tribunal found that due to its widespread and organised structure, the “comfort system” was facilitating rape and sexual slavery of tens of thousands of girls and women and essentially qualified as state-sanctioned system of rape and enslavement. The Trial furthermore concluded that all elements of a crime against humanity had been fulfilled.The Tribunal found all nine high-ranking military and government officials, as well as Emperor Hirohito, guilty of rape and sexual slavery as crimes against humanity. Emperor Hirohito was also found guilty by way of his superior responsibility for mass rape committed at a Filipino village. The Tribunal furthermore found the Japanese government responsible for the harm inflicted by the “comfort system”.
    sentencing
    All accused were already dead by the time the trial was held.
    Status
    2715
    Case number
    PT-2000-1-T
    Reparations / awards
    The Tribunal emphasised that while it has no power to enforce its judgment and consequently reparations and compensations, it does have moral authority, which should be enough to ensure enforcement by the national governments and the international community (paras. 1086-1088).

  • Jurisprudence non-judicial mechanisms

    The Sierra Leone Truth and Reconciliation Commission

    Country
    Sierra Leone
    Keywords
    Killings Mutilation

    Research focus
    Women and the Armed Conflict
    Type of mechanism
    Truth Commission
    Name of mechanism
    The Sierra Leone Truth and Reconciliation Commission
    Status
    2715
    Recommendations
    The TRC made specific recommendations to redress the marginalization of women in education and in political and social life. One recommendation was women’s representation in public offices and as candidates in national and local government elections. The TRC also called on communities to make special efforts to encourage acceptance of the survivors of rape and sexual violence. The Ministry of Social Welfare and Gender Affairs was urged to establish a directory of donors and service providers for women. The government as a whole was urged to provide free psychological support and reproductive health services to affected women, while relief agencies were asked to provide female ex-combatants with skills training and other assistance to advance their social reintegration. The TRC urged reforms in Sierra Leone's legal, judicial, and police systems to make it easier for women to report cases of sexual and domestic violence. Laws that linked the prosecution of sexual offences to the moral character of the complainant were to be repealed. The government was urged to harmonize the national laws of Sierra Leone with the provisions of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court. The TRC recommended that the government should launch a campaign to end the customary practice of compelling women and girls who have been raped to marry the offender. The TRC called on community leaders to discourage the practice of accepting monetary compensation for the crimes of rape and sexual violence as an alternative to reporting the cases for criminal prosecution. It also called for the repeal of laws and customs that discriminate against women in marriage, inheritance, divorce, and property ownership. The TRC recommended that UNICEF participate in efforts to improve women's social status, including skills training, adult education, HIV/AIDS education, abolition of harmful customary practices, and leadership programs. To enhance women's role in decision-making, the TRC recommended that political parties ensure that at least 30 percent of their candidates for public offices should be women, and that the government should work to achieve a similar ratio in the cabinet and other political posts. The TRC recommended that microcredit schemes should target female ex-combatants, internally displaced women, female heads of households, and war widows. Concerning education, the TRC recommended that the government should strive to provide free and compulsory education and to end the practice of expelling from educational institutions girls who become pregnant. The TRC highlighted the difficult situation of war widows, many of whom were barred by tradition and custom from owning property, accessing land, and inheriting property from their husbands. In certain ethnic groups, the estate of a deceased man is passed on to the closest male relative. The TRC recommended the repeal of all laws, customs, and practices that discriminate against widows and prevent them from owning or holding land.
    Date of report / release
    1904-10-05

  • Jurisprudence judicial mechanism

    The Extraordinary African Chambers - Hissène Habré

    Country
    Senegal
    Keywords
    Rape Crimes Against Humanity Article 25 of the Rome Statute Political Leaders Chad

    Reference link
    https://www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/supporting_resources/arret_integral.pdf
    Type of mechanism
    Hybrid court
    Name of mechanism
    The Extraordinary African Chambers
    Name of accused
    Hissène Habré
    sentencing
    Habre was sentenced to life imprisonment on 27 April 2017.

  • Literature

    Tarnaala, Elisa - Legacies of Violence and the Unfinished Past: Women in Post-Demobilization Colombia and Guatemala

    Year
    2019
    Issues
    Achievements and Challenges of Sexual Violence Prosecution
    Country
    Colombia, Guatemala
    Keywords
    Demobilisation Historical Legacies Peacebuilding Transitional Justice Forced Prostitution

    Reference link
    http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/21647259.2018.1469340
    Full reference
    Elisa Tarnaala, “Legacies of Violence and the Unfinished Past: Women in Post-Demobilization Colombia and Guatemala”, in Peacebuilding, 2019, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 103-117.
    Type of literature
    Journal Article
    Research focus
    Obstacles to Establish Accountability for Sexual Violence Crimes

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