Sexual Crimes in Conflict Database
A collection of relevant literature and case law
Showing 11 to 20 of 36 results.
-
Literature
Grey, Rosemary - Sexual Violence against Child Soldiers
- Year
- 2014
- Issues
- Sexual Violence against Children
- Country
- Sierra Leone, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC)
- Keywords
- Bush/Rebel Wives Child Soldiers, Girls Sexual Slavery Soldiers
- Reference link
- http://www.corteidh.or.cr/tablas/r37046.pdf
- Full reference
- Grey, Rosemary, "Sexual Violence against Child Soldiers", in International Feminist Journal of Politics, 2014, vol. 16, no. 4, pp. 601-621.
- Type of literature
- Journal Article
- Research focus
- Gaps in the Jurisprudence and Legislation on Conflict-related Sexual Violence crimes
- Author
- Grey, Rosemary
- Type of mechanism
- International Criminal Tribunal/Court, Hybrid court
- Name of mechanism
- International Criminal Court, Special Court for Sierra Leone (SCSL)
-
Literature
Haenen, Iris - The Parameters of Enslavement...
- Year
- 2013
- Issues
- Definitions/Elements of Sexual Violence Crimes
- Country
- Sierra Leone
- Keywords
- Enslavement Sexual Slavery Forced Marriage Rape
- Reference link
- https://pure.uvt.nl/ws/portalfiles/portal/1531745/ICLA_2013_final.pdf
- Full reference
- Haenen, Iris, The Parameters of Enslavement and the Act of Forced Marriage, in International Criminal Law Review, 2013, vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 895-915.
- Type of literature
- Journal Article
- Research focus
- Gaps in the Jurisprudence and Legislation on Conflict-related Sexual Violence crimes
- Author
- Haenen, Iris
- Type of mechanism
- Hybrid court
- Name of mechanism
- Special Court for Sierra Leone (SCSL)
-
Jurisprudence judicial mechanism
ICC - Al Hassan
- Reference link
- http://www.icc-cpi.int/mali/al-hassan
- Type of mechanism
- International Criminal Tribunal/Court
- Name of mechanism
- International Criminal Court
- Name of accused
- Al Hassan Ag Abdoul Aziz Ag Mohamed Ag Mahmoud
- Charges
- (1) Crimes against humanity allegedly committed in Mali, in the context of a widespread and systematic attack against the civilian population, between April 2012 and January 2013, including rape and sexual slavery. (2) War crimes in the context of an armed conflict not of an international nature allegedly committed in Mali between April 2012 and January 2013, including rape and sexual slavery.
- Status
- 2778
- Case number
- ICC-01/12-01/18
-
Jurisprudence judicial mechanism
ICTY - Dragoljub Kunarac (Kunarac et al. "Foca")
- Year
- 2002
- Issues
- Definitions/Elements of Sexual Violence Crimes Achievements and Challenges of Sexual Violence Prosecution
- Country
- Former Yugoslavia
- Keywords
- Penetration Sexual Slavery Lack of Consent Aiding and Abetting Vagina Rape as Crime Against Humanity Kunarac
- Reference link
- http://www.icty.org/cases/party/712/4
- Type of mechanism
- International Criminal Tribunal/Court
- Name of mechanism
- International Criminal Tribunal for Former Yugoslavia (ICTY)
- Name of accused
- Dragoljub Kunarac
- Charges
- - Torture as a crime against humanity, rape as a crime against humanity, torture as a violation of the laws or customs of war as a war crime and rape as a violation of the laws or customs of war as a war crime under Article 7(1) (committing and aiding and abetting) for: (i) taking FWS-75 and D.B. to his headquarters at Ulica Osmana Ðikica no. 16, where he raped D.B. and aided and abetted the gang-rape of FWS-75 by several soldiers; (ii) taking FWS-87, FWS-75, FWS-50 and D.B. to his headquarters at Ulica Osmana Ðikica no. 16, where he raped FWS-87 and aided and abetted the torture and rapes of FWS-87, FWS-75 and FWS-50 by soldiers; (iii) transferring FWS-95 from Partizan Sports Hall to his headquarters at Ulica Osmana Ðikica no. 16, where he raped her; (iv) taking FWS-87 to a room on the upper floor of Karaman’s house in Miljevina, where he raped her; (v) threatening to kill FWS-183 and her son while he tried to obtain information or a confession from FWS-183 concerning her alleged sending of messages to the Muslim forces and information about the whereabouts of her valuables and for raping her on that occasion; and (vi) raping FWS-191 and aiding and abetting the rape of FWS-186 by soldiers in an abandoned house in Trnovace.- Enslavement as a crime against humanity under Article 7(1) (committing and aiding and abetting) for the enslavement of FWS-186 and FWS-191 for a period of six months in a house in Trnovace and for treating them as his property.- Torture as a crime against humanity, rape as a crime against humanity, torture as a violation of the laws or customs of war as a war crime and rape as a violation of the laws or customs of war as a war crime under Article 7(1) for taking FWS-48 and two other women to the Hotel Zelengora where he raped FWS-48 and for taking FWS-48 and FWS-95 to a house in the Donje Polje neighborhood where he raped FWS-48.- Outrages upon personal dignity as a violation of the laws or customs of war as a war crime under Article 7(1) for taking FWS-186, FWS-191 and J.G. from the house Ulica Osmana Ðikica no. 16 to the abandoned house of Halid Cedic in Trnovace, where they were raped, and for raping FWS-191 approximately 6 months and treating FWS-186 and FWS-191 as his personal property.
- Trial chamber verdict
- Kunarac was found guilty by the Trial Chamber on 22 February 2001 of: - Torture as a crime against humanity - Rape as a crime against humanity - Torture as a violation of the laws or customs of war as a war crime - Rape as a violation of the laws or customs of war as a war crime - Enslavement as a crime against humanity Kunarac was found not guilty by the Trial Chamber of: - Torture as a crime against humanity, rape as a crime against humanity, torture as a violation of the laws or customs of war as a war crime and rape as a violation of the laws or customs of war as a war crime for taking FWS-48 and two other women to the Hotel Zelengora where he raped FWS-48 and for taking FWS-48 and FWS-95 to a house in the Donje Polje neighborhood where he raped FWS-48. - Outrages upon personal dignity as a violation of the laws or customs of war as a war crime
- sentencing
- Kunarac received a sentence of 28 years’ imprisonment on 12 June 2002.
- Appeals chamber verdict
- The convictions by the Trial Chamber were upheld by the Appeals Chamber on 12 June 2002.
- Status
- 2715
- Case number
- IT-96-23 and IT-96-23/1
-
Jurisprudence judicial mechanism
ICTY - Dragoljub Prcac (Kvocka et al. "Omarska, Keraterm & Trnopolje Camps")
- Year
- 2005
- Issues
- Definitions/Elements of Sexual Violence Crimes
- Country
- Former Yugoslavia
- Keywords
- Forced Nudity Sexual Slavery Forced Prostitution Joint Criminal Enterprise (JCE) Forced to watch Rape Foreseeable Consequence Kunarac Akayesu
- Reference link
- http://www.icty.org/cases/party/722/4
- Type of mechanism
- International Criminal Tribunal/Court
- Name of mechanism
- International Criminal Tribunal for Former Yugoslavia (ICTY)
- Name of accused
- Dragoljub Prcac
- Charges
- - Persecution as a crime against humanity under Article 7(1) (JCE) for sexual assault and rape of Bosnian Muslims, Bosnian Croats and other non-Serbs detained in Omarska camp. - Inhumane acts as crimes against humanity and outrages upon personal dignity as a violation of the laws or customs of war as a war crime for sexual assault and rape of Bosnian Muslims, Bosnian Croats and other non-Serbs detained in Omarska camp.
- Trial chamber verdict
- Prcac was found guilty by the Trial Chamber on 2 November 2001 of: - Persecution as a crime against humanity Prcac was found not guilty by the Trial Chamber of: - Inhumane acts as crimes against humanity and outrages upon personal dignity as a violation of the laws or customs of war as a war crime
- sentencing
- Prcac was sentenced to 5 years’ imprisonment.
- Appeals chamber verdict
- The conviction was upheld by the Appeals Chamber on 28 February 2005.
- Status
- 2715
- Case number
- IT-98-30/1
-
Jurisprudence judicial mechanism
ICTY - Milojica Kos (Kvocka et al. "Omarska, Keraterm & Trnopolje Camps")
- Year
- 2001
- Issues
- Definitions/Elements of Sexual Violence Crimes
- Country
- Former Yugoslavia
- Keywords
- Sexual Slavery Forced Nudity Inhuman Treatment Akayesu Torture Forced Prostitution Joint Criminal Enterprise (JCE) Kunarac Rape
- Reference link
- http://www.icty.org/cases/party/722/4
- Type of mechanism
- International Criminal Tribunal/Court
- Name of mechanism
- International Criminal Tribunal for Former Yugoslavia (ICTY)
- Name of accused
- Milojica Kos
- Charges
- - Persecution as a crime against humanity under Article 7(1) (JCE) for sexual assault and rape of Bosnian Muslims, Bosnian Croats and other non-Serbs detained in Omarska camp. - Inhumane acts as crimes against humanity and outrages upon personal dignity as a violation of the laws or customs of war as a war crime for sexual assault and rape of Bosnian Muslims, Bosnian Croats and other non-Serbs detained in Omarska camp.
- Trial chamber verdict
- Kos was found guilty by the Trial Chamber on 2 November 2001 of: - Persecution as a crime against humanity Kos was found not guilty by the Trial Chamber of: - Inhumane acts as crimes against humanity and outrages upon personal dignity as a violation of the laws or customs of war as a war crime
- sentencing
- Kos was sentenced to 6 years’ imprisonment on 2 November 2001.
- Appeals chamber verdict
- No appeal in this case.
- Status
- 2715
- Case number
- IT-98-30/1
-
Jurisprudence judicial mechanism
ICTY - Momcilo Krajisnik
- Year
- 2009
- Issues
- Modes of Liability
- Country
- Former Yugoslavia
- Keywords
- Acquittal Persecution on Sexual Grounds Sexual Slavery Specific Intent Common Objective of JCE
- Reference link
- http://www.icty.org/cases/party/709/4
- Type of mechanism
- International Criminal Tribunal/Court
- Name of mechanism
- International Criminal Tribunal for Former Yugoslavia (ICTY)
- Name of accused
- Momcilo Krajisnik
- Charges
- Krajisnik was charged with: - Persecution as a crime against humanity under Article 7(1) (JCE), which included rapes and sexual assault of Bosnian Muslims, Bosnian Croats and other non-Serbs; - Causing serious bodily or mental harm as genocide and deliberately inflicting conditions of life calculated to bring about their physical destruction as genocide and/or complicity in genocide under Article 7(1) (JCE) and 7(3), which included subjecting Bosnian Muslim and Bosnian Croat detainees in various detention facilities to sexual violence.
- Trial chamber verdict
- Krajisnik was found guilty by the Trial Chamber on 27 September 2006 of persecution as a crime against humanity under Article 7(1) (JCE). Krajisnik was found not guilty by the Trial Chamber of causing serious bodily or mental harm as genocide and deliberately inflicting conditions of life calculated to bring about their physical destruction as genocide and/or complicity in genocide under Article 7(1) (JCE) and 7(3), which included subjecting Bosnian Muslim and Bosnian Croat detainees in various detention facilities to sexual violence. He was found not guilty of genocide since the specific intent for genocide could not be established.
- sentencing
- Krajisnik was sentenced by the Appeals Chamber to 20 years’ imprisonment on 17 March 2009 (for other charges).
- Appeals chamber verdict
- However, the Appeals Chamber on 17 March 2009 reversed the sexual violence conviction – i.e. persecution as a crime against humanity – as it found that the Trial Chamber committed an error as persecution fell outside the original common objective of the JCE, which only encompassed the crimes of deportation and forcible transfer.
- Status
- 2715
- Case number
- IT-00-39
-
Jurisprudence judicial mechanism
ICTY - Radomir Kovac (Kunarac et al. "Foca")
- Year
- 2002
- Issues
- Definitions/Elements of Sexual Violence Crimes Achievements and Challenges of Sexual Violence Prosecution
- Country
- Former Yugoslavia
- Keywords
- Penetration Consent Sexual Slavery Aiding and Abetting
- Reference link
- http://www.icty.org/cases/party/712/4
- Type of mechanism
- International Criminal Tribunal/Court
- Name of mechanism
- International Criminal Tribunal for Former Yugoslavia (ICTY)
- Name of accused
- Radomir Kovac
- Charges
- - Enslavement as a crime against humanity, rape as a crime against humanity, rape as a violation of the laws or customs of war as a war crime and outrages upon personal dignity as a violation of the laws or customs of war as a war crime under Article 7(1) (committing and aiding and abetting) for: (i) detaining FWS-75 and the 12-year-old girl A.B. in his apartment for about a week and FWS-87 and A.S. for about four months and for treating them as his property; (ii) raping FWS-75, FWS-87 and A.B. and for aiding and abetting the rapes of these women and of A.S. by allowing other soldiers to visit or stay in his apartment and to rape them or by encouraging the soldiers to do so, and by handing the girls over to other men with the knowledge that they would rape them: (iii) forcing FWS-87, A.S. and A.B. to strip and dance naked on a table while watching them; and (iv) selling A.B. for 200 Deutschmarks, FWS-87 and A.S. for 500 Deutschmarks each and for handing over FWS-75 to other men.
- Trial chamber verdict
- Kovac was found guilty by the Trial Chamber on 22 February 2001 of: - Enslavement as a crime against humanity - Rape as a crime against humanity - Rape as a violation of the laws or customs of war as a war crime - Outrages upon personal dignity as a violation of the laws or customs of war as a war crime
- sentencing
- Kovac was given a sentence of 20 years’ imprisonment on 12 June 2002.
- Appeals chamber verdict
- The convictions were upheld by the Appeals Chamber on 12 June 2002.
- Status
- 2715
- Case number
- IT-96-23 and IT-96-23/1
-
Jurisprudence judicial mechanism
ICTY - Zoran Vukovic (Kunarac et al. "Foca")
- Year
- 2002
- Issues
- Definitions/Elements of Sexual Violence Crimes
- Country
- Former Yugoslavia
- Keywords
- Consent Penetration Sexual Slavery Sexual Assault/Attack/Abuse Vagina
- Reference link
- http://www.icty.org/cases/party/712/4
- Type of mechanism
- International Criminal Tribunal/Court
- Name of mechanism
- International Criminal Tribunal for Former Yugoslavia (ICTY)
- Name of accused
- Zoran Vukovic
- Charges
- - Torture as a crime against humanity, rape as a crime against humanity, torture as a violation of the laws or customs of war as a war crime and rape as a violation of the laws or customs of war as a war crime under Article 7(1) (committing) for taking FWS-50, a 15-year-old girl, from Partizan Sport Hall to an apartment and raping her.
- Trial chamber verdict
- Vukovic was found guilty by the Trial Chamber on 22 February 2001 of: - Torture as a crime against humanity, rape as a crime against humanity, torture as a violation of the laws or customs of war as a war crime and rape as a violation of the laws or customs of war as a war crime under Article 7(1) (committing) for taking FWS-50, a 15-year-old girl, from Partizan Sport Hall to an apartment and raping her. Vukovic was found not guilty by the Trial Chamber of: - Torture as a crime against humanity, rape as a crime against humanity, torture as a violation of the laws or customs of war as a war crime and rape as a violation of the laws or customs of war as a war crime under Article 7(1) for raping FWS-75 and FWS-87 in a classroom in the Foca High School.
- sentencing
- Vukovic was given a sentence of 12 years' imprisonment on 12 June 2002.
- Appeals chamber verdict
- The convictions were upheld by the Appeals Chamber on 12 June 2002.
- Status
- 2715
- Findings
- Case number
- IT-96-23 and IT-96-23/1
-
Literature
Impunity Watch - Changing the Face of Justice: The Keys to the Strategic Litigation of the Sepur Zarco Case
- Year
- 2017
- Issues
- Achievements and Challenges of Sexual Violence Prosecution Sexual Violence as a Weapon of War
- Country
- Guatemala
- Keywords
- Sexual Slavery Rape Sepur Zarco
- Reference link
- https://www.impunitywatch.org/docs/Changing_the_face_of_justice_final.pdf
- Full reference
- Impunity Watch, “Changing the Face of Justice: The Keys to the Strategic Litigation of the Sepur Zarco Case”, 2017, available at https://www.impunitywatch.org/docs/Changing_the_face_of_justice_final.pdf, last accessed at 24 October 2018.
- Type of literature
- Grey Literature
- Research focus
- Investigation, Prosecution and Prevention of Conflict related Sexual Violence
- Author
- Impunity Watch
This is free software. Created with LinkAhead
and Django. Licenced under AGPL version 3.0 (Sources).