Sexual Crimes in Conflict Database
A collection of relevant literature and case law
Showing 11 to 20 of 26 results.
-
Literature
Miller, Alexandra A. - From the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda...
- Year
- 2003
- Issues
- Definitions/Elements of Sexual Violence Crimes
- Country
- Rwanda
- Keywords
- Genocidal Rape Genocide Akayesu
- Reference link
- https://heinonline.org/HOL/LandingPage?handle=hein.journals/dlr108&div=25&id=&page=
- Full reference
- Miller, Alexandra A., "From the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda to the International Criminal Court: Expanding the Definition of Genocide to Include Rape", in Penn State Law Review, 2003, vol. 108, pp. 349-373.
- Type of literature
- Journal Article
- Research focus
- Gaps in the Jurisprudence and Legislation on Conflict-related Sexual Violence crimes
- Author
- Miller, Alexandra A.
- Type of mechanism
- International Criminal Tribunal/Court
- Name of mechanism
- International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR), International Criminal Court
-
Literature
Russel-Brown, Sherrie L. - Rape as an Act of Genocide
- Year
- 2003
- Issues
- Definitions/Elements of Sexual Violence Crimes Achievements and Challenges of Sexual Violence Prosecution
- Country
- Rwanda
- Keywords
- Genocidal Rape Akayesu War Crimes
- Reference link
- https://scholarship.law.berkeley.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=&httpsredir=1&article=1241&context=bjil
- Full reference
- Russell-Brown, Sherrie L., "Rape as an Act of Genocide", in Berkeley Journal of International Law, 2003, vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 350-374.
- Type of literature
- Journal Article
- Research focus
- Gaps in the Jurisprudence and Legislation on Conflict-related Sexual Violence crimes
- Author
- Russell-Brown, Sherrie L.
- Type of mechanism
- International Criminal Tribunal/Court
- Name of mechanism
- International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR)
-
Literature
Short, Jonathan M.H. - Sexual Violence as Genocide...
- Year
- 2003
- Issues
- Definitions/Elements of Sexual Violence Crimes
- Country
- Rwanda
- Keywords
- Forced Pregnancy Ethnic Cleansing Akayesu
- Reference link
- https://repository.law.umich.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1177&context=mjrl
- Full reference
- Short, Jonathan M.H., "Sexual Violence as Genocide: The Developing Law of the International Criminal Tribunals and the International Criminal Court", in Michigan Journal of Race and Law, 2003, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 503-527.
- Type of literature
- Journal Article
- Research focus
- Gaps in the Jurisprudence and Legislation on Conflict-related Sexual Violence crimes
- Author
- Short, Jonathan M.H.
- Type of mechanism
- International Criminal Tribunal/Court
- Name of mechanism
- International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR), International Criminal Court
-
Literature
Wood, Stephanie K. - A Woman Scorned for the ‘Least Condemned’ War Crime
- Year
- 2004
- Issues
- Female Perpetrators of Sexual Violence Definitions/Elements of Sexual Violence Crimes
- Country
- Rwanda
- Keywords
- Akayesu Gender-Based Crimes Women Rights
- Reference link
- https://cjgl.cdrs.columbia.edu/article/a-woman-scorned-for-the-least-condemned-war-crime-precedent-and-problems-with-prosecuting-rape-as-a-serious-war-crime-in-the-international-criminal-tribunal-for-rwanda/
- Full reference
- Wood, Stephanie K., "A Woman Scorned for the ‘Least Condemned’ War Crime: Precedent and Problems with Prosecuting Rape as a Serious War Crime in the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda", in Colum. J. Gender & L., 2004, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 274-327.
- Type of literature
- Journal Article
- Research focus
- Gaps in the Jurisprudence and Legislation on Conflict-related Sexual Violence crimes
- Author
- Wood, Stephanie K.
- Type of mechanism
- International Criminal Tribunal/Court
- Name of mechanism
- International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR)
-
Literature
Askin, Kelly D. - Gender Crimes Jurisprudence in the ICTR...
- Year
- 2005
- Issues
- Achievements and Challenges of Sexual Violence Prosecution
- Country
- Rwanda
- Keywords
- Gender-Based Crimes Genocide Akayesu Prosecution
- Reference link
- https://academic.oup.com/jicj/article-abstract/3/4/1007/2883162
- Full reference
- Askin, Kelly, "Gender Crimes Jurisprudence in the ICTR: Positive Developments", in J. Int’l Crim. Just., 2005, vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 1007-1018.
- Type of literature
- Journal Article
- Research focus
- Gaps in the Jurisprudence and Legislation on Conflict-related Sexual Violence crimes
- Author
- Askin, Kelly D.
- Type of mechanism
- International Criminal Tribunal/Court
- Name of mechanism
- International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR)
-
Literature
De Brouwer, Anne-Marie - Supranational Criminal Prosecution...
- Year
- 2005
- Issues
- Definitions/Elements of Sexual Violence Crimes
- Country
- Rwanda, Former Yugoslavia
- Keywords
- Consent Coercion Actus Reus Akayesu
- Reference link
- https://intersentia.be/nl/supranational-criminal-prosecution-of-sexual-violence.html
- Full reference
- De Brouwer, Anne-Marie, Supranational Criminal Prosecution of Sexual Violence: The ICC and the Practice of the ICTY and the ICTR, Intersentia, Antwerp/Cambridge, 2005, pp. 103-136.
- Type of literature
- Book
- Research focus
- Gaps in the Jurisprudence and Legislation on Conflict-related Sexual Violence crimes
- Author
- De Brouwer, Anne-Marie
- Type of mechanism
- International Criminal Tribunal/Court
- Name of mechanism
- International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR), International Criminal Tribunal for Former Yugoslavia (ICTY), International Criminal Court
-
Jurisprudence judicial mechanism
ICTY - Dragoljub Prcac (Kvocka et al. "Omarska, Keraterm & Trnopolje Camps")
- Year
- 2005
- Issues
- Definitions/Elements of Sexual Violence Crimes
- Country
- Former Yugoslavia
- Keywords
- Forced Nudity Sexual Slavery Forced Prostitution Joint Criminal Enterprise (JCE) Forced to watch Rape Foreseeable Consequence Kunarac Akayesu
- Reference link
- http://www.icty.org/cases/party/722/4
- Type of mechanism
- International Criminal Tribunal/Court
- Name of mechanism
- International Criminal Tribunal for Former Yugoslavia (ICTY)
- Name of accused
- Dragoljub Prcac
- Charges
- - Persecution as a crime against humanity under Article 7(1) (JCE) for sexual assault and rape of Bosnian Muslims, Bosnian Croats and other non-Serbs detained in Omarska camp. - Inhumane acts as crimes against humanity and outrages upon personal dignity as a violation of the laws or customs of war as a war crime for sexual assault and rape of Bosnian Muslims, Bosnian Croats and other non-Serbs detained in Omarska camp.
- Trial chamber verdict
- Prcac was found guilty by the Trial Chamber on 2 November 2001 of: - Persecution as a crime against humanity Prcac was found not guilty by the Trial Chamber of: - Inhumane acts as crimes against humanity and outrages upon personal dignity as a violation of the laws or customs of war as a war crime
- sentencing
- Prcac was sentenced to 5 years’ imprisonment.
- Appeals chamber verdict
- The conviction was upheld by the Appeals Chamber on 28 February 2005.
- Status
- 2715
- Case number
- IT-98-30/1
-
Jurisprudence judicial mechanism
ICTY - Miroslav Kvocka (“Kvocka et al.”)
- Year
- 2005
- Issues
- Modes of Liability Definitions/Elements of Sexual Violence Crimes
- Country
- Former Yugoslavia
- Keywords
- Acquittal Akayesu Cumulative Conviction Extended Joint Criminal Enterprise Forced to watch Rape Forced Nudity Foreseeable Consequence Mental Harm Persecution on Sexual Grounds Kunarac
- Reference link
- http://www.icty.org/cases/party/722/4
- Type of mechanism
- International Criminal Tribunal/Court
- Name of mechanism
- International Criminal Tribunal for Former Yugoslavia (ICTY)
- Name of accused
- Miroslav Kvocka (“Kvocka et al.”)
- Charges
- - Persecution as a crime against humanity under Article 7(1) (JCE) for sexual assault and rape of Bosnian Muslims, Bosnian Croats and other non-Serbs detained in Omarska camp; - Inhumane acts as crimes against humanity and outrages upon personal dignity as a violation of the laws or customs of war as a war crime for sexual assault and rape of Bosnian Muslims, Bosnian Croats and other non-Serbs detained in Omarska camp.
- Trial chamber verdict
- Kvocka was found guilty by the Trial Chamber on 2 November 2001 of: - Persecution as a crime against humanity. Kvocka was found not guilty by the Trial Chamber of: - Inhumane acts as crimes against humanity and outrages upon personal dignity as a violation of the laws or customs of war as a war crime for sexual assault and rape of Bosnian Muslims, Bosnian Croats and other non-Serbs detained in Omarska camp.
- sentencing
- Kvocka was sentenced by the Appeals Chamber to 7 years’ imprisonment on 28 February 2005 (for other charges).
- Appeals chamber verdict
- Although Kvocka was initially found guilty by the Trial Chamber of persecution as a crime against humanity for the sexual violence crimes, this conviction was reversed by the Appeals Chamber on 28 February 2005.
- Status
- 2715
- Case number
- IT-98-30/1
-
Jurisprudence judicial mechanism
ICTY - Mlado Radic (Kvocka et al. "Omarska, Keraterm & Trnopolje Camps")
- Year
- 2005
- Issues
- Definitions/Elements of Sexual Violence Crimes
- Country
- Former Yugoslavia
- Keywords
- Forced Nudity Joint Criminal Enterprise (JCE) Attempted Rape Threat of Rape Forced to watch Rape Forced Prostitution Akayesu Kunarac
- Reference link
- http://www.icty.org/cases/party/722/4
- Type of mechanism
- International Criminal Tribunal/Court
- Name of mechanism
- International Criminal Tribunal for Former Yugoslavia (ICTY)
- Name of accused
- Mlado Radic
- Charges
- - Persecution as a crime against humanity under Article 7(1) (JCE) for sexual assault and rape of Bosnian Muslims, Bosnian Croats and other non-Serbs detained in Omarska camp. - Torture as a violation of the laws or customs of war as a war crime under Article 7(1) (JCE) for the rape of Witness K, the attempted rape of Witness J and the threat of rape or other forms of sexual violence committed against Witness F, Zlata Cikota and Sifeta Sušic in Omarska camp. - Inhumane acts as crimes against humanity and outrages upon personal dignity as a violation of the laws or customs of war as a war crime for sexual assault and rape of Bosnian Muslims, Bosnian Croats and other non-Serbs detained in Omarska camp. - Torture as a crime against humanity, rape as a crime against humanity and outrages upon personal dignity as a violation of the laws or customs of war as a war crime for the rape of Witness K, the attempted rape of Witness J and the threat of rape or other forms of sexual violence committed against Witness F, Zlata Cikota and Sifeta Sušic in Omarska camp.
- Trial chamber verdict
- Radic was found guilty by the Trial Chamber on 2 November 2001 of: - Persecution as a crime against humanity - Torture as a violation of the laws or customs of war as a war crime Radic was found not guilty by the Trial Chamber of: - Inhumane acts as crimes against humanity and outrages upon personal dignity as a violation of the laws or customs of war as a war crime - Torture as a crime against humanity, - Rape as a crime against humanity and - Outrages upon personal dignity as a violation of the laws or customs of war as a war crime
- sentencing
- Radic received a sentence of 20 years’ imprisonment on 28 February 2005.
- Appeals chamber verdict
- The conviction was upheld by the Appeals Chamber on 28 February 2005.
- Status
- 2715
- Case number
- IT-98-30/1
-
Jurisprudence judicial mechanism
ICTY - Zoran Zigic (“Kvocka et al.”)
- Year
- 2005
- Issues
- Definitions/Elements of Sexual Violence Crimes Modes of Liability Achievements and Challenges of Sexual Violence Prosecution
- Country
- Former Yugoslavia
- Keywords
- Acquittal Akayesu Cumulative Conviction Extended Joint Criminal Enterprise Foreseeable Consequence Forced Nudity Forced to watch Rape Mental Harm Persecution on Sexual Grounds Kunarac
- Reference link
- http://www.icty.org/cases/party/722/4
- Type of mechanism
- International Criminal Tribunal/Court
- Name of mechanism
- International Criminal Tribunal for Former Yugoslavia (ICTY)
- Name of accused
- Zoran Zigic (“Kvocka et al.”)
- Charges
- - Persecution as a crime against humanity under Article 7(1) (JCE) for sexual assault and rape of Bosnian Muslims, Bosnian Croats and other non-Serbs detained in Omarska camp. - Inhumane acts as crimes against humanity and outrages upon personal dignity as a violation of the laws or customs of war as a war crime for sexual assault and rape of Bosnian Muslims, Bosnian Croats and other non-Serbs detained in Omarska camp.
- Trial chamber verdict
- Zigic was found guilty by the Trial Chamber on 2 November 2001 of: - Persecution as a crime against humanity under Article 7(1) (JCE). Zigic was found not guilty by the Trial Chamber of: - Inhumane acts as crimes against humanity and outrages upon personal dignity as a violation of the laws or customs of war as a war crime.
- sentencing
- Zigic was sentenced by the Appeals Chamber to 25 years’ imprisonment on 28 February 2005 (for other charges).
- Appeals chamber verdict
- Although Zigic was initially found guilty by the Trial Chamber of persecution as a crime against humanity for the sexual violence crimes, this conviction was reversed by the Appeals Chamber on 28 February 2005.
- Status
- 2715
- Case number
- IT-98-30/1
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