Sexual Crimes in Conflict Database
A collection of relevant literature and case law
Showing 21 to 26 of 26 results.
-
Jurisprudence judicial mechanism
ICTR - Alfred Musema
- Year
- 2001
- Issues
- Definitions/Elements of Sexual Violence Crimes
- Country
- Rwanda
- Keywords
- Acquittal Akayesu Crimes Against Humanity Genocidal Rape Mutilation
- Reference link
- http://www.unictr.org/en/cases/ictr-96-13
- Type of mechanism
- International Criminal Tribunal/Court
- Name of mechanism
- International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR)
- Name of accused
- Alfred Musema
- Charges
- Causing serious bodily and mental harm as genocide under Article 6(1) (committing and aiding and abetting), including raping a young Tutsi woman named Nyiramusugi, and rape as a crime against humanity under Article 6(1) (committing) for raping Nyiramusugi.
- Trial chamber verdict
- Musema was convicted by the Trial Chamber (on 27 January 2000) for causing serious bodily and mental harm as genocide.
- sentencing
- The Appeals Chamber confirmed the sentence of life imprisonment.
- Appeals chamber verdict
- The convictions were reversed on appeal. The Appeals Chamber heard out-of-court statements of Witnesses CB and EB. It held that if these testimonies had been available at trial, there would have been a reasonable doubt as to the guilt of Musema with respect to the rape of Nyiramusugi. It thus found Alfred Musema not guilty of rape as a crime against humanity but affirmed the verdict of culpability for genocide and extermination as crime against humanity.
- Status
- 2715
- Case number
- ICTR-96-13
-
Literature
Haffajee, Rebecca L. - Prosecuting Crimes of Rape and Sexual Violence
- Year
- 2006
- Issues
- Modes of Liability
- Country
- Rwanda
- Keywords
- Accountability Akayesu Prosecution Joint Criminal Enterprise (JCE)
- Reference link
- https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/65b3/e13e70452bd135177cd33ae7ef45a5fde0e1.pdf
- Full reference
- Haffajee, Rebecca L., "Prosecuting Crimes of Rape and Sexual Violence at the ICTR: The Application of Joint Criminal Enterprise Theory", in Harv. JL & Gender, 2006, vol. 29, no.1, pp. 201-221.
- Type of literature
- Journal Article
- Research focus
- Gaps in the Jurisprudence and Legislation on Conflict-related Sexual Violence crimes
- Author
- Haffajee, Rebecca L.
- Type of mechanism
- International Criminal Tribunal/Court
- Name of mechanism
- International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR)
-
Literature
Goldstone, Richard - Prosecuting Rape as a War Crime
- Year
- 2002
- Issues
- Sexual Violence against Men Definitions/Elements of Sexual Violence Crimes
- Country
- Rwanda, Former Yugoslavia
- Keywords
- Form of Aggression Akayesu Mass Rape Mental Harm Outrages upon Personal Dignity
- Reference link
- https://scholarlycommons.law.case.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1461&=&context=jil&=&sei-redir=1&referer=https%253A%252F%252Fwww.bing.com%252Fsearch%253Fq%253DGoldstone%252C%252BRichard%252C%252B%252522Prosecuting%252BRape%252Bas%252Ba%252BWar%252BCrime%2526src%253DIE-TopResult%2526FORM%253DIETR02%2526conversationid%253D#search=%22Goldstone%2C%20Richard%2C%20Prosecuting%20Rape%20as%20War%20Crime%22
- Full reference
- Goldstone, Richard, "Prosecuting Rape as a War Crime", in Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law, 2002, vol. 34, no. 2, pp. 277-285.
- Type of literature
- Journal Article
- Research focus
- Investigation, Prosecution and Prevention of Conflict related Sexual Violence
- Author
- Goldstone, Richard
- Type of mechanism
- International Criminal Tribunal/Court
- Name of mechanism
- International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR), International Criminal Tribunal for Former Yugoslavia (ICTY)
-
Literature
Franklin, Daniel J. - Failed Rape Prosecutions...
- Year
- 2008
- Issues
- Definitions/Elements of Sexual Violence Crimes Achievements and Challenges of Sexual Violence Prosecution
- Country
- Rwanda
- Keywords
- Akayesu Testimony Prosecution
- Reference link
- https://heinonline.org/HOL/LandingPage?collection=journals&handle=hein.journals/grggenl9&div=7&id=&page=
- Full reference
- Franklin, Daniel J., "Failed Rape Prosecutions at the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda", in9 Geo. J. Gender & L., 2008, vol. 9, no.1, pp. 181-214.
- Type of literature
- Journal Article
- Research focus
- Investigation, Prosecution and Prevention of Conflict related Sexual Violence
- Author
- Franklin, Daniel J.
- Type of mechanism
- International Criminal Tribunal/Court
- Name of mechanism
- International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR)
-
Literature
De Brouwer, Anne-Marie - Supranational Criminal Prosecution...
- Year
- 2005
- Issues
- Definitions/Elements of Sexual Violence Crimes
- Country
- Rwanda, Former Yugoslavia
- Keywords
- Consent Coercion Actus Reus Akayesu
- Reference link
- https://intersentia.be/nl/supranational-criminal-prosecution-of-sexual-violence.html
- Full reference
- De Brouwer, Anne-Marie, Supranational Criminal Prosecution of Sexual Violence: The ICC and the Practice of the ICTY and the ICTR, Intersentia, Antwerp/Cambridge, 2005, pp. 103-136.
- Type of literature
- Book
- Research focus
- Gaps in the Jurisprudence and Legislation on Conflict-related Sexual Violence crimes
- Author
- De Brouwer, Anne-Marie
- Type of mechanism
- International Criminal Tribunal/Court
- Name of mechanism
- International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR), International Criminal Tribunal for Former Yugoslavia (ICTY), International Criminal Court
-
Literature
Askin, Kelly D. - Gender Crimes Jurisprudence in the ICTR...
- Year
- 2005
- Issues
- Achievements and Challenges of Sexual Violence Prosecution
- Country
- Rwanda
- Keywords
- Gender-Based Crimes Genocide Akayesu Prosecution
- Reference link
- https://academic.oup.com/jicj/article-abstract/3/4/1007/2883162
- Full reference
- Askin, Kelly, "Gender Crimes Jurisprudence in the ICTR: Positive Developments", in J. Int’l Crim. Just., 2005, vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 1007-1018.
- Type of literature
- Journal Article
- Research focus
- Gaps in the Jurisprudence and Legislation on Conflict-related Sexual Violence crimes
- Author
- Askin, Kelly D.
- Type of mechanism
- International Criminal Tribunal/Court
- Name of mechanism
- International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR)
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